Kuchokera ku: "Pesticide Science and Management" Nkhani 12, 2022

Wolemba: Lu Jianjun

Ndi kutchuka kwa e-commerce ndi intaneti kumadera akumidzi, kuwongolera kwamaphunziro a alimi, komanso kukhudzidwa kwa mliri watsopano wa korona, moyo wa "kulola kuti chidziwitso chiziyenda mochulukira komanso kuyenda pang'ono" kwakhala kufunafuna alimi lero.Munthawi imeneyi, msika wamitundu yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti pang'onopang'ono umakanikizidwa, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kukuwonetsa nyonga, ndipo msika ukukulirakulira, kukhala mawonekedwe osinthika.Komabe, kuyang'anira ntchito ya intaneti ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo sikunakulimbitsidwe nthawi imodzi, ndipo maulalo ena amakhala ndi vuto loyang'anira.Ngati palibe yankho logwira mtima lomwe lingatengedwe, sizidzangowononga chitukuko chabwino cha makampaniwa, koma zingakhale zovulaza pa ulimi, ndalama za alimi, chitetezo cha anthu ndi zinyama ndi chilengedwe, ndi zina zotero.

Mkhalidwe wapano wa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti

malamulo okhudzana ndi dziko langa amanena kuti Ndime 2 ya “E-Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China” ikunena kuti malonda a pakompyuta m’chigawo cha People’s Republic of China azitsatira lamuloli.E-commerce imatanthawuza zochitika zamabizinesi akugulitsa katundu kapena kupereka chithandizo kudzera mumanetiweki azidziwitso monga intaneti.Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pochita bizinesi ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuli m'gulu la e-commerce.Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti akuyenera kulembetsa ngati mabungwe amsika molingana ndi "E-Commerce Law of the People's Republic of China", ndipo mabizinesi awo akuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira.Kumene mabizinesi akulephera kuchita zomwe amayenera kuchita, kapena kuwononga ena, kapena kulephera kufalitsa zidziwitso zamalayisensi abizinesi, zidziwitso zamalayisensi oyang'anira, ndi zidziwitso zina pamalo odziwika patsamba loyambira, adzakhala ndi udindo wovomerezeka.Ndime 21 ya “Administrative Measures for Pesticide Business Licensing” ikunena kuti mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda malire sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti, ndipo chilolezo chabizinesi yopha tizilombo chidzaperekedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito intaneti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.

Mkhalidwe wa ntchito yapaintaneti ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'dziko langa Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito nsanja za e-commerce zachitatu, imodzi ndi nsanja zachikhalidwe za e-commerce, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti search e-commerce, monga Taobao, JD.com, Pinduoduo, ndi zina zambiri. .;ina ndi nsanja zatsopano za e-commerce, Zomwe zimatchedwanso chidwi e-commerce, monga Douyin, Kuaishou, etc. Ogwiritsa ntchito mwaluso amathanso kupanga nsanja zawo zotsatsa pa intaneti.Mwachitsanzo, Huifeng Co., Ltd. ndi China Pesticide Development and Application Association agwiritsa ntchito nsanja ya "Nongyiwang" e-commerce.Pakadali pano, Taobao.com ndiye nsanja yayikulu kwambiri yamalonda yamalonda yamankhwala ophera tizilombo, yomwe ili ndi makampani opitilira 11,000 a e-commerce omwe akupanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amakhudza pafupifupi mitundu 4,200 ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe adalembetsedwa mdziko langa.Feixiang Agricultural Materials ndi kampani ya e-commerce yomwe ili ndi ntchito zazikulu kwambiri zophera tizilombo pakati pa nsanja zachikhalidwe za e-commerce.Zogulitsa zake, kuchuluka kwa alendo, kuchuluka kwa osaka, kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa malipiro ndi zizindikiro zina zakhala zoyamba kwa zaka zitatu zotsatizana.Zolemba zopitilira 10,000 yuan."Nongyiwang" atengera chitsanzo cha magawo atatu a "nsanja + chigawo chogwirira ntchito + chogulitsira kumidzi", ndipo amagwirizana ndi opanga 200 odziwika bwino pamakampaniwo kuti atsimikizire mtundu wazinthu komanso kulimbitsa maubwino amtunduwu.Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Novembala 2014, yapanga malo ogwirira ntchito opitilira 800, adalembetsa ogula opitilira 50,000, ndikugulitsa ma yuan opitilira 1 biliyoni.Malo ogwirira ntchito amatenga 70% ya madera obzala zaulimi ndipo ndi mamiliyoni makumi ambiri.Alimi amapereka zipangizo zaulimi zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo.

Mavuto pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo pa Intaneti

Ndizovuta kwa alimi kuteteza ufulu wawo.Kugula mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzera pa intaneti ndikosiyana ndi kugula mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'masitolo akuthupi.Ogula mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ogwira nawo ntchito nthawi zambiri sakumana, ndipo mikangano yabwino ikabuka, sangathe kulankhulana maso ndi maso.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, alimi sangafunse ma invoice kwa amalonda ngati akuganiza kuti nthawi zambiri ndizovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale maziko achindunji a malonda ophera tizilombo.Kuonjezera apo, alimi amakhulupirira kuti kutetezedwa kwa ufulu kumatenga nthawi komanso kumafuna ntchito yambiri, ndipo alimi ena amaganiza kuti atayika ndipo amapusitsidwa ndi kupirira zotayikazo.Zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi zikupangitsa kusazindikira za chitetezo cha alimi komanso kusowa kwa luso loteteza ufulu wawo.Makamaka pambuyo pa ngozi zovulaza mbewu, chifukwa alimi samamvetsetsa malamulo ndi malamulo oyenerera, m'malo mopereka lipoti kwa akuluakulu odziwa zaulimi ndi akumidzi panthawi yake, kukonza umboni, kulemba zizindikiro za kuvulala, ndikukonzekera chizindikiritso chovulala, adadandaula paliponse ndi okha, ndipo anaphonya mbiri ya choipa.Nthawi yabwino kwambiri imabweretsa kutha kwa umboni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuteteza ufulu.

Kupambana kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi kochepa.Kumbali ina, akuluakulu a zaulimi ndi akumidzi amayang'ana kwambiri kuyang'anira mabungwe omwe akugwira ntchito pa intaneti pamsika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kusowa kwaukadaulo pakuwunika kwa e-commerce, kuphatikiza ndi zinthu monga nthawi yayikulu komanso nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito pa intaneti, komanso zovuta. kufufuza ndi kusonkhanitsa umboni.Zofooka.Makamaka, nsanja monga Douyin ndi Kuaishou, ndi amalonda ogwirizana amakankhira zinthu molunjika malinga ndi momwe alimi amabzala komanso momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.Olamulira alibe mwayi wopeza zambiri zamalonda, kotero sangathe kukhazikitsa kuyang'anira bwino.Kumbali ina, alimi ena amangoganizira za mphamvu ya kukwezedwa kwa zilembo, ndipo amaganiza kuti kuchulukitsitsa kwamphamvu kwa mankhwalawo, kumakhala bwino, kumachepetsa mlingo wa mankhwalawo, kumakhala bwinoko, komanso kukukulirakulira komanso “kwachilendo. ” dzina la kampani ndi, kampaniyo idzakhala yamphamvu kwambiri.Chifukwa cha kuweruza kwake kolakwika, mankhwala ophera tizilombo achinyengo ndi otsika apeza malo ena okhalamo, ndipo malonda osiyanasiyana a pa intaneti a mankhwala ophera tizilombo adzakhala osokeretsa, ndipo n’zovuta kusiyanitsa chabwino ndi choipa.

Njira yopezera bizinesi pa intaneti ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa.Kumbali imodzi, palibe njira yeniyeni yoyang'anira bizinesi yamankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti.Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamabizinesi apaintaneti.Pakalipano, mafomu akuluakulu a e-commerce ophera tizilombo amaphatikizapo mtundu wa pulatifomu ndi mtundu wa sitolo wodzipangira okha, womwe ungadalire nsanja za e-commerce zachitatu , Mukhozanso kumanga webusaiti yanu, WeChat, QQ, Weibo ndi malonda ena, mitundu yonse. .Kumbali inayi, kuyang'anira ndi kutsata zotsatsa zotulutsidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti sikuli kwanthawi yake.Zotsatsa zina zamakanema, zotsatsa zamawu, ndi zotsatsa zamawu zimatulutsidwa mwachindunji osawunikiridwa ndi akuluakulu azaulimi ndi akumidzi.Ndizovuta kutsimikizira kuvomerezeka kwa mabungwe ndi malonda.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchokera ku gwero ndikukhazikitsa njira yofikira, yomwe imathandizira kuti pakhale chitukuko chathanzi komanso chokhazikika cha malonda a e-phesticide.

Ndizovuta kuti asayansi avomereze mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Ndime 20 ya "Administrative Measures for Pesticide Business Licensing" ikunena kuti ogulitsa mankhwala azifunsa ogula za momwe tizirombo ndi matenda zimachitikira, ndipo pakafunika kutero, ayang'ane zomwe zimachitika nthawi yomweyo, amalangiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo mwasayansi, ndipo sayenera kusocheretsa. ogula.Tsopano mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagulitsidwa pa intaneti, zomwe zimathandizira kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta.Ambiri a iwo ndi ogula ndi ogulitsa.Ndizovuta kwa ogwira ntchito kufunsa ogula, kuyang'ana zochitika za matenda ndi tizilombo towononga tizilombo nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mwasayansi amalangiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo.Komanso, kutenga mwayi ofooka kuyang'anira mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu maukonde, kulimbikitsa mankhwala kuti kuposa osiyanasiyana ndi ndende.Mwachitsanzo, ena ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo amawona avermectin ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo padziko lonse lapansi.Momwemo, ingolimbikitsani kuwonjezera abamectin mwakufuna kwanu.

Kulimbana ndi njira zoyendetsera kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti

Kukonza Malamulo okhudza Kasamalidwe ka Mankhwala ophera tizilombo, choyamba ndikumveketsa bwino tanthauzo la mankhwala ophera tizilombo ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti.Kugwiritsa ntchito kulikonse kwa nsanja za e-commerce, nsanja zazifupi zamakanema, WeChat ndi maukonde ena apakompyuta ndi matekinoloje azidziwitso pakukwezera mfundo kapena malo angapo ndi kugulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumagwera m'gulu la malonda ophera tizilombo pa intaneti.Chachiwiri ndikulimbitsa ziyeneretso zamabizinesi ndi kasamalidwe kakhalidwe.Kuti munthu agwiritse ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti, munthu ayenera kupeza laisensi ya bizinesi yophera tizilombo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yogulira ndi kugulitsa mankhwala, ndi kulemba moona mtima zidziwitso zoperekedwa, zikalata za ogula, ndi mbewu zothiridwa ndi mankhwala.Chachitatu ndikumveketsa bwino kuti zolemba, zithunzi, zomvetsera ndi zina zokhudzana ndi ubwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amatulutsidwa ndi ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti ali m'gulu la malonda a mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo zomwe zili muzo ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi akuluakulu a zaulimi ndi akumidzi.

Khazikitsani kaundula wa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti Mbali imodzi, akuluakulu a zaulimi ndi akumidzi akamapempha chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena kupempha kuti chiphatsocho chiwonjezeke, ayenera kuchita kafukufuku kwa ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kulemba mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti.Mitundu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zithunzi, zolemba, makanema ndi zina zomwe zimafalitsidwa pa intaneti.Chachiwiri ndikusintha zomwe zalembedwa mu laisensi yabizinesi yamankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikuwonjezera chidziwitso cha nsanja pabizinesi yophera tizilombo pa intaneti.Chachitatu ndikulemba mitundu ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti.Mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti iyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi akuluakulu a zaulimi ndi akumidzi kuti alembetse, ziphaso zopanga, zilembo ndi zidziwitso zina asanagulitsidwe pa intaneti.

Kulimbikitsa kuyang'anira ndi kutsata malamulo.Dipatimenti ya zaulimi, limodzi ndi kuyang’anira misika, chitetezo cha anthu, ndi ma positi, inayambitsa ntchito yapadera yothetsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa Intaneti.Choyamba ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa ogulitsa mankhwala osayenerera ndikuletsa kwambiri malonda a mankhwala oletsedwa ndi oletsedwa.Chachiwiri ndi kulumikizana kwa kuyang'anira pa intaneti ndi kunja kwa intaneti, kuyang'ana mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wazinthu zofananira zomwe mtengo wake ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa zofananira, ndipo mankhwala abodza ndi otsika amafufuzidwa ndikuthana nawo. monga mwa lamulo.Chachitatu ndikuchita kuyendera kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi, makamaka kuletsa khalidwe lolimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amaposa kuchuluka kwa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, kuyang'anira, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito malinga ndi lamulo.Lamulirani nsanja zosagwirizana ndi malonda a e-commerce komanso ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti kuti akonzenso pakapita nthawi, ndikufufuza ndi kuthana ndi ogwira ntchito omwe sakonza kapena osakwaniritsa zofunikira pambuyo pokonzanso.

Chitani ntchito yabwino pagulu ndi maphunziro.Choyamba, kutengera "E-Commerce Law of the People's Republic of China", "Advertising Law of the People's Republic of China", "Malamulo Oyang'anira Mankhwala Ophera Tizilombo", "Njira Zoyang'anira Chilolezo cha Bizinesi Yopha tizilombo", ndi zina zotero, zimayang'ana kwambiri kulengeza ndi maphunziro okhudzana ndi ziyeneretso ndi malamulo oyendetsera bizinesi ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa intaneti , kuyang'anira kugula, ukadaulo wothana ndi tizilombo, kasamalidwe ka mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi zina zotero. Chachiwiri ndikuphunzitsa alimi njira zozindikiritsira mankhwala abodza ndi otsika, kugwiritsa ntchito mwasayansi komanso mwanzeru kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. ndi chidziwitso china, kuti alimi athe kukhala ndi chizolowezi chopempha malisiti ogula pogula mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndikupereka lipoti la ngozi zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwa akuluakulu a zaulimi panthawi yake, kuti alimbikitse kuzindikira kwawo za chitetezo ndi kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha ufulu.

Gwero: "Pesticide Science and Management" Nkhani 12, 2022